At AINIA, we are exploring new solutions for developing more sustainable packaging from lignocellulosic agricultural waste. Within the framework of the ELDRIN project, funded with the support of IVACE and the ERDF funds, we are investigating biorefinery technologies to transform this biomass into functional materials such as cellulose micro- and nanofibers or lignin nanoparticles. The advances achieved open up new possibilities in recyclable and low-environmental-impact packaging. Potential and Challenges of Lignocellulosic Biomass The food packaging industry, among others, faces the challenge of reducing its dependence on petrochemical materials such as plastic. In this context, lignocellulosic biomass, especially that generated as an agricultural byproduct, is emerging as an innovative and sustainable alternative for developing new biomaterials applicable to food packaging. Its abundance, low cost, and renewable nature make it a key raw material for moving towards a circular economy. At AINIA, through the ELDRIN project, we are investigating the use of lignocellulosic waste to design sustainable packaging materials, with the aim of transforming the future of packaging and reducing its environmental impact. Cellulose vs. Plastic Lignocellulosic biomass is composed mainly of cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin, with cellulose being the most abundant natural polymer on the planet. Currently, large quantities of this residual biomass are underutilized: they are discarded, burned to generate energy, or used in low-value-added applications. The biorefinery technologies we are developing allow us to fractionate and valorize each of its components, transforming waste into useful raw materials for the production of biomaterials. This approach not only promotes environmental sustainability but also drives rural development and the creation of local economies. Cellulose represents a promising alternative to plastic, especially in applications where biodegradability and sustainability are priorities. With the advancement of these technologies and the development of functional materials, their competitiveness against plastic continues to increase. To this end, we are working on exploring new biomass sources capable of meeting market demands. ELDRIN Project Progress Within the framework of the ELDRIN project, we have made significant progress in obtaining cellulose and transforming it at the micro and nanoscale using biorefinery processes. This method uses solvents capable of selectively recovering cellulose, along with the application of mechanical energy, allowing us to isolate cellulose micro- and nanofibers. Fractionalization Processes We have evaluated both conventional methods and innovative fractionation processes, which combine chemical reagents to reduce steps. These processes have proven effective in concentrating cellulose in the solid fraction, even without the need for prior conditioning of the raw material. Isolation of cellulose micro/nanofibers Starting from fractionated cellulose, we have developed pretreatments that allow us to obtain cellulose in gel form at the micro and nanoscale. We have managed to isolate it through oxidation reactions and mechanical energy, and even without applying the latter, which represents a significant reduction in energy costs. 48TEMA CENTRAL I MAIN TOPIC Desarrollo de recursos innovadores y nuevos materiales sostenibles Ramón Morcillo Martín. Materiales y Tecnología Envase AINIA
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